正负眼睑综合征临床体征特殊,比较少见,临床上分真性和假性[1]。真性正负眼睑综合征临床体征表现为一侧上睑提肌肌力相对较弱,导致上睑下垂,继而导致另一侧出现上睑退缩。当肌力相对不佳的眼睑人为抬高一定高度,持续一段时间后,对侧眼睑仍呈现出退缩状态[2]。真性正负眼睑综合征多见于颅内病变如丘脑-中脑梗死[3]、大脑后动脉堵塞[4]、丘脑血肿[5]等疾病引起的动眼神经核和红核旁的后联合核(nucleus of posterior commissure,nPC)受损导致。如果对侧眼出现代偿性的上睑退缩,则为假性正负眼睑综合征[1]。研究[1]表明:假性正负眼睑综合征的病变因素为神经肌肉接头处或者肌肉本身的问题。具体的临床特征性表现为,人为抬高肌力相对较弱呈现上睑下垂的眼睑并持续一段时间后,对侧眼睑的位置会逐渐恢复正常。研究[6]表明这种现象和赫林定律相关,双眼的运动受到的神经支配作用相同,而不是特异的。因此,肌力相对较弱的上睑会导致大脑神经发出超常的神经冲动,致使对侧出现眼睑退缩表现。本例患者自觉右眼突出就诊于宁夏回族自治区人民医院眼科医院眼眶与眼整形美容科,患者原以为右眼突出是由于甲状腺功能亢进导致,而实际上该患者的右眼临床表现为上睑退缩,左眼为上睑下垂,那么这位患者的病变部位是右眼眼睑退缩还是上睑下垂呢?现报告如下。
1、国家自然科学基金 (81960184)。This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81960184)
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