围的广角与超广角定义未能得到明确区分,因此在以往许多文献中两者的概念可以相互转换使用。就两者区别而言,糖尿病视网膜病变临床研究网络(Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network)曾提出超广角应至少具有100°眼底视野范围[7]。但在2019年,众多专家[8]认为可以通过漩涡静脉壶腹部对两者进行明确定义,即广角为采集后可在所有4个象限中显示后极部以外、漩涡静脉壶腹部以内视网膜特征的图像范围,而超广角则仅限于在一次正位采集中便可显示所有4个象限中漩涡静脉壶腹部前方视网膜特征的图像范围。目前,将UWFFI与蒙太奇技术相结合可生成全视网膜图像,即360°完整展示整个视网膜特征的图像[9],可单靠一次采集获取全视网膜图像的设备仍有待进一步探究。
图1 正常成年人右眼眼底彩色图像
Figure 1 Fundus color images of the right eye of a normal adult
(A)右眼30°眼底图像;(B)右眼45°眼底图像。
(A) 30° fundus color image of the right eye; (B) 45° fundus color image of the right eye.
以早产儿视网膜病变 ( retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)为主的婴幼儿眼病可破坏婴幼儿未成熟的视网膜血管生长,以周边血管为主,导致患儿早期视力障碍或失明,因此对婴幼儿进行视网膜病变筛查是必不可少的。临床中,ROP筛查所采取的方式(如RetCam、间接检眼镜检查)均需进行散瞳及角膜压迫,甚至有时会进行麻醉以确保检查顺利完成,这些操作往往可能导致受检婴幼儿血氧饱和度下降,严重时可引起呼吸窘迫和心率异常[57]。而WFFI则无需考虑以上情况,甚至可以在操作时监测婴幼儿的视网膜血氧饱和度[58],对于识别需要治疗的ROP具有100%的敏感性和97.9%的特异性,其中敏感性随其病变严重程度逐渐提高[59]。
1. 爱尔眼科医院集团科研基金 (AFQ1713D2)。This work was supported by the Scientific Research Fund Project of Aier Eye Hospital Group, China (AFQ1713D2)
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