Objective: To investigate the relationship between gene-polymorphisms and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in patients who have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Method: A total of 700 hospitalized T2DM patients were included in this study from January 2019 to September 2020. They were divided into two groups: the no-diabetic retinopathy (NDR) group (n=386) and the proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) group (n=314). Basic clinical data were collected, and clinical indexes affecting diabetic retinopathy were analyzed. Two tag SNPs rs5370 in endothelin 1 (EDN1) and rs800292 in complement factor H (CFH) were examined using kompetitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (KASP) genotyping assays. Logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between the polymorphisms of these two SNPs and PDR in a Guangxi Han population with T2DM. Results: Significant differences were found through the analysis of the systolic blood pressure—whether using insulin or not—and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between the two groups (Psystolic blood pressure=0.025, Pinsulin=0.001, PGFR=0.013) The TT genotype of rs5370 was determined to be associated with an increased risk of PDR (P=0.03, OR=2.973; adj.P=0.011, OR=2.718). The AA genotype of rs800292 was also determined to be associated with an increased risk of PDR (P=0.037, OR=1.949; adj.P=0.044, OR=2.058). Conclusion: Increased systolic blood pressure and decreased GFR may be associated with PDR in patients with T2DM. The rs5370 polymorphism of the EDN1 gene and the rs800292 polymorphism of the CFH gene are significantly associated with the risk of PDR in Guangxi’s Han population.
收集年龄、性别、体重指数 ( body mass index,BMI)、收缩压、舒张压、高血压史、胰岛素治疗史及糖尿病病史等基本信息,及糖化血红蛋白(hemoglobin A1C,HbA1c)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、肾小球滤过率(glomerular filtration rate,GFR)等实验室检查的临床资料。
图1 KASP基因分型图 Figure 1 KASP genotyping map (A)rs5370位点基因分型图;(B)rs800292位点基因分型图。接近X轴的显示红色的样本的基因型为连接FAM荧光标签序列的等位基因型,接近Y轴上的显示蓝色的样本的基因型为连接HEX荧光标签序列的等位基因型,中间显示紫色的样本的基因型为2种等位基因的杂合型,显示黑色脱落的样本可能由于DNA质量不好或浓度过低,扩增产物没有被明确分型。 (A) Genotyping plots of rs5370; (B) Genotyping plots of rs800292. The genotype of the red sample near the X axis is the allele of the sample showing the FAM fluorescent tag sequence, the genotype of the sample showing blue near the Y axis is the allele of the HEX fluorescent tag sequence, the genotype of the purple sample shown in the middle is a hybrid of the two alleles, and the sample showing black drop out may not be clearly classified due to poor DNA quality or low concentration.
表3 Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验
Table 3 Hardy-Weinberg balance test
表4 NDR组和PNR组的2个SNP位点的基因型频率分布比较分析
Table 4 Comparative analysis of genotypic frequency distributions at two SNP loci in the NDR group and the PNR group
表5 Logistic回归分析 rs5370、rs800292与T2DM患者增生性视网膜病变的关系
Table 5 Logistic regression analysis of rs5370, rs800292 and retinopathy proliferative in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
可能会影响基因的表达[10]。Liu等[11]及Graham等[12]利用全基因组关联研究(Genome-Wide Association Studies,GWAS)检测技术,在不同的种族中检测与DR相关的新基因位点,发现了许多与DR易感性相关的SNPs位点。但目前还没有关于这些位点在中国广西汉族人群中的作用的系统性研究,因此本研究首次集中探讨了EDN1基因的rs5370位点以及CFH基因的rs800292位点在中国广西壮族自治区汉族T2DM人群中的多态性及其对PDR遗传易感性的影响。
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