Efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with lowdose rituximab for preventing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder relapse
Views:13366
DOI:10.12419/j.issn.1000-4432.2023.03.04
Publication Date:2023-03-28
Author(s):
SUN Mingming ,ZHOU Huanfen ,ZHAO Jie ,ZHANG Lei ,ZHANG Yuan ,SONG Honglu ,BAI Wenhao ,XU Xintong ,ZHANG Qian ,LIANG Qianhui ,WANG Xuemin ,WEI Shihui ,XU Quangang
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Author(s):
SUN Mingming ,ZHOU Huanfen ,ZHAO Jie ,ZHANG Lei ,ZHANG Yuan ,SONG Honglu ,BAI Wenhao ,XU Xintong ,ZHANG Qian ,LIANG Qianhui ,WANG Xuemin ,WEI Shihui ,XU Quangang
Institution/Unit:
1.The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital
2.Beijing MEM Dinghui Hospital
3.The First Medical Center, The Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital , Beijing , China
4.Graduate School, Chinese PLA General Hospital
Keywords
neuromyelitis optica
aquaporin 4 antibody
rituximab
relapse
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with low-dose rituximab for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Methods: A prospective self-control study. A total of 38 patients who were diagnosed with NMOSD from July 2020 to April 2021 were recruited for rituximab treatment. All patients collected medical history, ophthalmic examination and serological test. Recorded the annual recurrence rate (ARR), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), combined autoantibodies and therapy times after the first treatment. The BCVA was examined using Snellen chart, and converted to logMAR. The patients were followed up at least 12(17.29±2.2) months, and the last follow-up was taken as the time point of efficacy evaluation. ARR and BCVA before and after treatment were compared. To analyze the relationship between relapse and age of onset, combination of autoimmune antibodies and autoimmune diseases. The incidence of side effects and duration of additional therapy were recorded. Results: A total of 38 NMOSD patients (4 male/34 female, 61 involved eyes) were included in this study. The ages of onset age were 12-60 years, the median onset age was 23 (18~29.3) years. Duration of disease was 10.0~265 months, the median duration was 65 (48.3~101.0) months. Before treatment, the mean BCVA was 1.15 ± 0.13 , the mean BCVA at last follow-up was 1.54 ± 0.39, which was no significant difference (t=1.120, P=0.267). The mean ARR before and after treatment were 1.50±0.86 and 0.12 ± 0.07, respectively, with significant difference (t=8.304, P<0.001). The mean reinfusion period was 6. 4±2.3 months. Five relapses in 3 patients were observed. There were no significant difference between relapsed patients and non-relapsed patients on onset age, with/without auto-immune antibody ratio, with/without auto-immune diseases ratio (all P>0.05). Of 38 patients, 7 patients had side effects, all patients who had side effects, slowing down the infusion speed of RTX or infusing 5 mg of dexamethasone could relieve the discomfort. Conclusions: Low-dose RTX can effectively clear B lymphocytes, prevent NMOSD recurrence and with good safety.
1. 中国博士后科学基金(2019M653944)。 This work was supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M653944).
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